Askum semua....pada 17hb Januari 2007 aku start masuk kerja kat Open University  Malaysia Penang..hmmm..hari pertama aku masuk aku cam segan2 skit...aku cuma kenal 2 orang staf iaitu kak Lela n abg Mokhtar...aku kenai kak Lela seba dia dulu staf OUM Sg Petani.. Abg Mokhtar plak sebab dia yang rekemenkan aku masuk kerja...ari tu aku cuma kerja tolong staf nama Sham bagi modul kt student baru sampai la petang...lpas tu tunggu nak interview ngan pengarah baru PPW Penang iaitu Prof. Madya Dr. Adilah Abdul Hamid...tapi x jadi sebab aku sorang ja yang apply masuk kerja tu...so xyah interview...huhu..syukur..aku balik kol 5.30 lepak ngan zizi kt nasik kandar... Da End

Bebudak INSEP diarahkan untuk buat satu event untuk KISMEC...hmm..so kami arrange la satu community untuk menjalankan event tersebut... AHLI MAJLIS TERTINGGI telah pun dipilih aku kena jadi Director Of Sponsorship...huhuhu..mampus nak cari sponsor....x penah wat keje nie... but i`l try my best!!! semoga ALLAH menolong hamba!!!!!INSYAALLAH!!!!

Ermm..bila nak wat tournament tu rasanya tengah bulan Januari kot.. Skang tngh survey tmpt dan rate.. satu lagi kena serapkan bebudak INSEP lain selain wireless, network security dan RFID...

01.Read those LOGS !

02.Don't make games SUID ROOT !!!

03.Limit the number of SUID root programs on your system.

04.Run programs at Least Privilege Access.

05.Disable services you don't need or use.

06.Make sure to have the latest /lib's.

07.Encrypt that connection.

08.Keep your Kernel current to the latest and stable.

09.When Configuring your kernel only compile in code you need

and use.

10.Let outsiders know as little as possible about your system.

11.Enforce good passwords.

12.If you can, limit who can connect to your Linux box.

LINUX
    Linux is a free open-source operating system based on Unix. Linux was originally created by Linus Torvalds with the assistance of developers from around the globe.
    Unix-type operating system originally created by Linus Torvalds with the assistance of developers around the world. Developed under the GNU General Public License , the source code for Linux is freely available to everyone.

Command:

cd	mkdir	kill	pico	make
pwd	locate	who	nano	finger
cp	rm	man	more	group
cat	su	passwd	touch	tail
me	tar	ls	chmod	adduser

LINUX
-Red Hat    -Fedora    -Centos    -Free BSD

SKYLINE GTR R34

Assalamualaikum semua..sebenaqnya nie Blog version 2 sebab sebelum nie aku dah buat dah tapi ntah la blog aku dah xleh bukak, ramai gak yang jadi camtu..hmm..so apa lagi wat baru la...

Subnetting Table

Use this table to help you calculate Subnet Masks, available hosts per subnet or number of subnets per class. The table deals with Subnetting of only one octet.

		# of Masked bits	# of Non-masked bits	Bit pattern	# of subnets =2^M	What will the new subnet mask be?	# of hosts per subnet (C Class) =[(2^N)-2]	# of hosts per subnet (B Class) =[(2^N)-2]	# of hosts per subnet (A Class) =[(2^N)-2]
None		0	8	00000000	0	0	254	65,534	~16 Million
1	1	1	7	10000000	2	128	126	32,766	~8 Million
2	2	2	6	11000000	4	192	62	16,382	~4 Million
3	4	3	5	11100000	8	224	30	8,190	~2 Million
4	8	4	4	11110000	16	240	14	4,094	~1 Million
5	16	5	3	11111000	32	248	6	2,046	~520,000
6	32	6	2	11111100	64	252	2	1,022	~260,000
7	64	7	1	11111110	128	254	-	510	~130,000
8	128	8	0	11111111	256	255	-	254	~65,000

M=Number of Masked bits

N=Number of Non-masked bits - Remember that in Class A and B networks you have other octets besides the one you're subnetting. Therefore in a Class A network instead of saying 7 (for example) you must say 7+8+8. In a Class B network instead of saying 5 (for example again, duh!) you must say 5+8. Only in Class C networks does the N value remain the same.

	Starting bits for the first octet	How many networks per Class?	How many hosts per network?	Range of the first octet
Class A	0	126	(2^24)-2=~16 Million	1-126	127=Loopback
Class B	10	2^14=16384	(2^16)-2=~65000	128-191
Class C	110	2^21=~2 Million	(2^8)-2=254	192-223
Class D	1110	-	-	224-239
Class E	1111	-	-	240-255

How many potential IP addresses do we have?

126 networks of 16,777,214 hosts each = 2,113,928,964

16,384 networks of 65,534 hosts each = 1,073,709,056

2,097,152 networks of 254 hosts each = 532,676,608

Total number of hosts = 3,720,314,628

Ari nie aku blajaq internet technology base...

Apa itu Internet?

   -rangkaian global (international network)
   -hasil daripada gabungan rangkaian-rangkaian 
   -gabungan LAN,WAN,MAN
   -LAN (Local Area Network)
   -MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network)- gabungan LAN membentuk MAN   
   -WAN (Wide Area Network)- gabungan LAN dan MAN membentuk WAN

-Web protokol>> http:// ->> hypertext transfer protocol
-Setiap protocol mempunyai port=80 (default port)
-Internet Explorer disebut sebagai web browser atau web client

Web server- Linux pakai Apache
                  - Windows pakai IIS (Internet Information Service)

-Protokol  e-mail >>>> SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)- menggunakan port 25 untuk menerima e-mail
-POP3>>>Post Office Protocol version 3- menggunakan port 110 untuk menghantar e-mail
-Telnet>>>>port 23 untuk membuat remote connection
-FTP>>>File Transfer Protocol- port 20/21 untuk upload file dalam kadar yang banyak.
-SSH>>>Secure Shell
-SSL>>>Secure Socket Layer-Contoh web yang guna SSL: https://maybank2u.com, menggunakan encryption iaitu mengubah data supaya x dapat dibaca oleh orang lain semasa penghantaran data.
-MYSQL>>> Structured Query Language (open source)
-VOIP>>> Voice Over Internet Protocol- contoh Free VOIP: Skype
-DNS>>> Domain Name System- menukar IP kepada host atau sebaliknya.

An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique identifier for a node or host connection on an IP network. An IP address is a 32 bit binary number usually represented as 4 decimal values, each representing 8 bits, in the range 0 to 255 (known as octets) separated by decimal points. This is known as "dotted decimal" notation.

Example: 140.179.220.200

It is sometimes useful to view the values in their binary form.

140     .179     .220     .200  10001100.10110011.11011100.11001000  

Every IP address consists of two parts, one identifying the network and one identifying the node. The Class of the address and the subnet mask determine which part belongs to the network address and which part belongs to the node address.

Address Classes

There are 5 different address classes. You can determine which class any IP address is in by examining the first 4 bits of the IP address.

• Class A addresses begin with 0xxx, or 1 to 126 decimal.
• Class B addresses begin with 10xx, or 128 to 191 decimal.
• Class C addresses begin with 110x, or 192 to 223 decimal.
• Class D addresses begin with 1110, or 224 to 239 decimal.
• Class E addresses begin with 1111, or 240 to 254 decimal.

Addresses beginning with 01111111, or 127 decimal, are reserved for loopback and for internal testing on a local machine. [You can test this: you should always be able to ping 127.0.0.1, which points to yourself] Class D addresses are reserved for multicasting. Class E addresses are reserved for future use. They should not be used for host addresses.

Now we can see how the Class determines, by default, which part of the IP address belongs to the network (N) and which part belongs to the node (n).

• Class A -- NNNNNNNN.nnnnnnnn.nnnnnnnn.nnnnnnnn
• Class B -- NNNNNNNN.NNNNNNNN.nnnnnnnn.nnnnnnnn
• Class C -- NNNNNNNN.NNNNNNNN.NNNNNNNN.nnnnnnnn

In the example, 140.179.220.200 is a Class B address so by default the Network part of the address (also known as the Network Address) is defined by the first two octets (140.179.x.x) and the node part is defined by the last 2 octets (x.x.220.200).

In order to specify the network address for a given IP address, the node section is set to all "0"s. In our example, 140.179.0.0 specifies the network address for 140.179.220.200. When the node section is set to all "1"s, it specifies a broadcast that is sent to all hosts on the network. 140.179.255.255 specifies the example broadcast address. Note that this is true regardless of the length of the node section.

kat bawah nie soalan yang En. Kamal bagi kt suma orang.. caranya ialah 2 pc dihubungkan dengan IP address yang dan try ping antara satu sama lain berdasarkan IP yg diberi. Hasilnya adalah seperti di bawah:

  IP A                                  IP B
_______________________________________
                            |
192.168.1.1         |    192.168.1.30    (Reply)     
                            |
192.168.1.32       |    192.168.1.33    (Invalid)     
                            |     
192.168.1.94       |    192.168.1.97     (Destination Host Unreachable)
                            |
192.168.1.97       |    192.168.1.127    (Invalid)
                            |
192.168.1.225     |    192.168.1.254    (Reply)

Today we learn about dword conversion,
--> This is example on doing the conversion matnet.kedahonline.net

We also learn about domain, and subdomain and how to setup it. We freedns.afraid.org as experimental purpose. --> example: detomaso99.mooo.com

When u click at above link, it will directly forward u to my webBlog --> detomaso99.blgodrive.com

We also, learn on build a webpage and upload file to our network server clan team0.mooo.com.... cewah cakap omputeh plak...